Broadband Methods Free Essays

There are a few broadband strategies that can be utilized to give rapid web access at home. The determination of the strategy is controlled by the necessities, the accessibility of the equipment which is dictated by the area of the client and the establishment cost. Probably the most widely recognized strategies incorporate advanced endorsers line (DSL), digital web and satellite web among others (Lemke, 2001). We will compose a custom paper test on Broadband Methods or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Because of its accessibility and speed comparative with different alternatives, I would incline toward satellite web for home use. Advanced endorser line is the most well-known home web get to strategy and gives arrange via phone lines. The principle focal points of DSL that the endorser is constantly associated, the equipment can have various utilizations (it is utilized as a telephone and as a web get to devise simultaneously), it gives a wide scope of costs relying upon the speed and a wide scope of specialist organizations. Be that as it may, its utilization is constrained by differing speed, accessibility, download limits and the exceptional types of gear that must be introduced by the telecom organization. Satellite web then again utilizes other coaxial links other than phone links, for example, the TV conductors. This broadband technique has the fundamental bit of leeway of being reasonable and higher accessibility. Then again, it has the drawback of clog and security issues related with sharing of the system. Additionally, it is progressively reasonable for numerous PCs in home use (Steve Internet Guide, 2010). Satellite web comprises of a small satellite circle mounted by a specialist co-op. It has the benefit of continually being associated and fast. It is anyway progressively costly contrasted with different choices (Gustafson, 2005). Reference Gustafson, C. J. (2005). Sickened With Dialup? †Compare DSL Providers, Cable and Satellite Internet to See If One Is Right for you, recovered on July 9, 2010 from: http://www. buzzle. com/articles/1-27-2006-87484. asp. Lemke, T. (2001). Link, DSL or satellite? Rapid web associations can download data multiple times quicker than a standard 56-kilobyte modem. Be that as it may, innovation hasn’t found interest, recovered on July 9, 2010 from: http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1571/is_47_17/ai_80900393/? tag=content;col1#comments Steve Internet Guide (2010). Broadband Internet Connection Methods, recovered on July 9, 2010 from: http://www. steves-web direct. com/Broadband-Internet-Connections. php Step by step instructions to refer to Broadband Methods, Papers

Free Essays on The Differences Between ADD And ADHD

In 1905, a German doctor named Herinrich Hoffman, who composed the tale† Struwel Peter† about a youngster with ADHD. Impulsivity and distractedness are bound to have significant issues at home and at school. (Baren, M. 1994) There are two kinds of Attention Disorders. The primary kind of confusion is Attention Deficit Disorder and the subsequent sort is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Include is a neurobiological issue. Analysts accepted that synthetic compounds in the cerebrum that might be not working appropriately cause the manifestations of ADD. The two most normal qualities in adolescents with ADD are heedless and implusive now and again. Albeit all youngsters might be heedless or implusive now and again, those with include have them all the more much of the time. What's more, to there impulsivity and distractedness are bound to have issues at home and school. Another characterics with this issue is that the youngsters will become underachievers in school. (Quinn, P. 1997) The second kind of ADHD is likewise a Nero compound issue that is hereditarily transmitted. Poor child rearing, absence of inspiration, character shortcoming, idiocy, or even mental issue, doesn't cause this issue. This issue for the most part influences three regions of individuals practices. Those three regions are consideration, impulsivity, and even hyperactivity. Researcher’s considers demonstrate 30 to 70 percent of kids have been determined to have ADHD will keep on having them a ways into their grown-up life. At times this issue isn't found until the early high schooler years. This is frequently consistent with those people with consideration decifit scatter who do show overactivity or conduct issues. (Hallowell, E. 1994) The precise determination of ADHD got through assessments and parent-kid interviews. There are no research facility measures to perform, for example, blood or pee screens. It is fundamental to gauge ADHD effectively in view of different issues, for example, bipolar confusion, uneasiness, or even depression.† It ... Free Essays on The Differences Between ADD And ADHD Free Essays on The Differences Between ADD And ADHD In 1905, a German doctor named Herinrich Hoffman, who composed the tale† Struwel Peter† about a kid with ADHD. Impulsivity and heedlessness are bound to have difficult issues at home and at school. (Baren, M. 1994) There are two kinds of Attention Disorders. The principal kind of confusion is Attention Deficit Disorder and the subsequent sort is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Include is a neurobiological issue. Analysts accepted that synthetic concoctions in the cerebrum that might be not working appropriately cause the manifestations of ADD. The two most normal qualities in young people with ADD are preoccupied and implusive now and again. Albeit all kids might be heedless or implusive on occasion, those with include have them all the more as often as possible. What's more, to there impulsivity and carelessness are bound to have issues at home and school. Another characterics with this issue is that the youngsters will become underachievers in school. (Quinn, P. 1997) The second sort of ADHD is additionally a Nero concoction issue that is hereditarily transmitted. Poor child rearing, absence of inspiration, character shortcoming, ineptitude, or even mental issue, doesn't cause this issue. This issue by and large influences three territories of individuals practices. Those three regions are consideration, impulsivity, and even hyperactivity. Researcher’s considers demonstrate 30 to 70 percent of kids have been determined to have ADHD will keep on having them a ways into their grown-up life. Once in a while this issue isn't found until the early teenager years. This is frequently consistent with those people with consideration decifit scatter who do display overactivity or conduct issues. (Hallowell, E. 1994) The precise determination of ADHD acquired through assessments and parent-youngster interviews. There are no research facility measures to perform, for example, blood or pee screens. It is fundamental to gauge ADHD effectively in light of different issues, for example, bipolar turmoil, uneasiness, or even depression.† It ...

Youve Applied. Now What

Youve Applied. Now What After months of researching, going on college visits, writing application essays, and getting your applications in on time, youve done it! So now what? 1. Give yourself a pat on the back! Its a lot of work to apply for college, especially if youre applying to multiple colleges and universities. Youve invested a lot of time so far. Take a deep breath. 2. Triple-check everything. You most likely double-checked everything before you hit submit on your application, but I encourage you to go back once more and make sure youve done everything youve needed to do thus far and know whats happening next.  Check your application status page in myIllini to make sure we have everything we need from you to complete your application. At this point, youre probably playing the waiting game, waiting for your decision to be released. Mark those notification dates on your calendar (December 14th for Early Action and March 1st for Regular Action) and make sure you know how and when youll be notified! Apply through Coalition? Make sure you can log in to your myIllini account. That is the only place decisions will be posted. 3. Stay in touch. Check those emails! If were missing something from you, well let you know via email, so make sure youre checking your email for any notifications from us. We also understand that things may change after you submit your application-your spring semester schedule may change or you maybe youve re-taken the SAT or ACT. If so, make sure to let us know. In such cases, youll need to access the course change form on your application status page. This is where youll be able to update information regarding your application. Questions? Call us at 217-333-0302 or email us. Were here to help! 4. Come visit. If you havent done so yet, schedule a visit to campus! We have a variety of visits almost every day (Mondays through Fridays and some Saturdays, too). Looking to schedule a visit for the spring semester? Dont worry! Those dates will be posted on December 15th and you can sign up to come visit then. 5. Apply for Scholarships. If you havent done so, I highly encourage you to complete your FAFSA application now! Many awards are given to students on a first-come, first-serve basis so the sooner you can get it submitted, the better. Now is also a great time to be applying for local scholarships. Our Office of Student Financial Aid has a great list of places to look for scholarships and your high school counseling office most likely has a list of scholarships in your area to apply for as well. 6. Finish strong! Even though we dont ask for your senior year grades in the application, that doesnt mean we dont care about them! One of the best ways you can set yourself up for a great first year on campus is by finishing strong in your senior year classes. Stay focused and try to keep senioritis at bay as best you can! Hannah Admissions Counselor I grew up just 30 minutes north of Champaign-Urbana and am a recent graduate of Illinois. As a former Pathway student, I understand the challenges of adapting to life at both a community college as well as a four-year institution. Whatever you're wondering about, I'll help you out!

Introduction to the Dirac Delta Function

The Dirac delta function is the name given to a mathematical structure that is intended to represent an idealized point object, such as a point mass or point charge. It has broad applications within quantum mechanics and the rest of quantum physics, as it is usually used within the quantum wavefunction. The delta function is represented with the Greek lowercase symbol delta, written as a function: ÃŽ ´(x). How the Delta Function Works This representation is achieved by defining the Dirac delta function so that it has a value of 0 everywhere except at the input value of 0. At that point, it represents a spike that is infinitely high.  The integral taken over the entire line is equal to 1. If youve studied calculus, youve likely run into this phenomenon before. Keep in mind that this is a concept that is normally introduced to students after years of college-level study in theoretical physics. In other words, the results are the following for the most basic delta function ÃŽ ´(x), with a one-dimensional variable x, for some random input values: ÃŽ ´(5) 0ÃŽ ´(-20) 0ÃŽ ´(38.4) 0ÃŽ ´(-12.2) 0ÃŽ ´(0.11) 0ÃŽ ´(0) ∞ You can scale the function up by multiplying it by a constant. Under the rules of calculus, multiplying by a constant value will also increase the value of the integral by that constant factor. Since the integral of ÃŽ ´(x) across all real numbers is 1, then multiplying it by a constant of would have a new integral equal to that constant. So, for example, 27ÃŽ ´(x) has an integral across all real numbers of 27. Another useful thing to consider is that since the function has a non-zero value only for an input of 0, then if youre looking at a coordinate grid where your point isnt lined up right at 0, this can be represented with an expression inside the function input. So if you want to represent the idea that the particle is at a position x 5, then you would write the Dirac delta function as ÃŽ ´(x - 5) ∞ [since ÃŽ ´(5 - 5) ∞].   If you then want to use this function to represent a series of point particles within a quantum system, you can do it by adding together various dirac delta functions. For a concrete example, a function with points at x 5 and x 8 could be represented as ÃŽ ´(x - 5) ÃŽ ´(x - 8). If you then took an integral of this function over all numbers, you would get an integral that represents real numbers, even though the functions are 0 at all locations other than the two where there are points. This concept can then be expanded to represent a space with two or three dimensions (instead of the one-dimensional case I used in my examples). This is an admittedly-brief introduction to a very complex topic. The key thing to realize about it is that the Dirac delta function basically exists for the sole purpose of making the integration of the function make sense. When there is no integral taking place, the presence of the Dirac delta function isnt particularly helpful. But in physics, when you are dealing with going from a region with no particles that suddenly exist at only one point, its quite helpful. Source of the Delta Function In his 1930 book, Principles of Quantum Mechanics, English theoretical physicist Paul Dirac laid out the key elements of quantum mechanics, including the bra-ket notation and also his Dirac delta function. These became standard concepts in the field of quantum mechanics within the Schrodinger equation.

A Comparison of Haydns Symphony No 95 With Beethovens...

A Comparison of Haydns Symphony No. 95 with Beethovens Symphony No. 5 Introduction As noted by Robert Hughes, Beethoven was not only the embodiment of all that was before him, but also of that which was yet to come (Hughes 486). The truth of this may be seen by comparing Beethovens 5th Symphony in C Minor to Haydn, the father of Symphony, and his 95th in C Minor. While Haydns symphony is both playful and dramatic, Beethovens symphony is grander both in terms of scale and vision. He expands the size of the orchestra to incorporate the sounds swirling around, underlying, and depicting the arrival of Fate in a rhythm-driven, thematic symphony that takes Haydns form and runs with it as though to the top of a mountain peak. This paper will analyze the symphonies by movement, according to form, size, structure, tonalities, melodies, orchestral sound and overall mood and effect. 1st Movement Both Haydns and Beethovens first movements are composed in sonata form, with an exposition stated in the opening that is then developed and recapitulated. The size of Haydns opening movement is somewhat smaller than Beethovens, whose opening exposition itself seems larger than life. Haydns first movement is roughly six minutes long, and the length of Beethovens first movement only exceeds Haydns by about a minute and a half to two minutes. Beethoven does not introduce too many structural changes to the traditional sonata form, which he learned from Haydn, in the first

Chivalric Code in Beowulf Free Essays

The Importance of the Retainer and King in the Heroic Code Members of the Anglo-Saxon warrior society subscribed to an ethos that celebrated the heroic code. In the passage from Beowulf, the poet’s interest in the duties of a loyal retainer and the duties of a great king are evident in the specific language he uses to describe Beowulf’s encounter with the dragon. In one specific passage of this poem, Beowulf is portrayed as an ideal retainer by the loyalty, courage and fealty to the king he possesses. We will write a custom essay sample on Chivalric Code in Beowulf or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the beginning of this passage, Beowulf reflects on King Hygelac and the many sacrifices and deeds he provided to Beowulf during his youth. A sorrowful mood is brought upon this specific text, as Beowulf reminisces on the death of Hygelac, â€Å"I marched ahead of him, always there/ at the front of the line; and I shall fight like that/ for as long as I live†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Beowulf 2497-2499). Beowulf acknowledges how privileged he is to have a life of luxury and obtain such wisdom inherited by Hygelac. If it was not for Hygelac, Beowulf would not have survived such a long, prosperous life, mentoring Hygelac’s son and soon holding the throne himself. As Beowulf prepares to fight the dragon, he easily allows the warriors to stand their place and not go any further. Demonstrating his courage, Beowulf states: This fight is not yours, nor is it up to any man except me to measure his strength against the monster or to prove his worth. I shall win the gold by my courage, or else mortal combat, doom of battle, will bear your lord away. (2532-2535) He believes that terminating the dragon is the duty only he can accomplish as well as longing for a feeling of satisfaction as he seeks the glory of winning the battle and knowing he has demolished the risk of danger his people will have to face. Based on the duration of this poem, Beowulf is accustomed to the warrior duties and later on the lifestyle of a king. These two titles have very distinct roles in Anglo-Saxon society. Beowulf, as a young warrior need not much to worry about status and having the knowledge that his people are safe and satisfied. He then gains wisdom as he witnesses Hygelac’s form of generosity towards him and his people, â€Å"The treasures that Hygelac lavished on me†¦He gave me land/ and the security land brings, so he had no call/ to go looking for some lesser champion,† (2490-2494). Beowulf demonstrates Hygelac as a loyal lord, true to his people; in return Beowulf brings himself forward as a tribute to fight the dragon. As Beowulf earns the chance to hold the throne as king later on in the poem, it is evident that the responsibilities he held were much to his advantage when the time of battle arose against the dragon. His full awareness, â€Å"‘†¦as king of the people I shall pursue this fight/ for the glory of winning, if the evil one will only/ abandon his earth-fort and face me in the open. ’† (2513-2515) Beowulf, as king and warrior only interprets as a right-doing to go into battle with the dragon, knowing his life is at risk. Towards the conclusion of this passage, Beowulf falls and has no choice but, â€Å"to give ground like that and go/ unwillingly to inhabit another home/ in a place beyond;† (2588-2590). Beowulf is true to his fellow citizens and attempts to provide to their needs even if it means losing the battle and sacrificing his life, which was the case in this poem. From this passage, it is evidently shown that Beowulf can not only hold a title of a loyal retainer with his endless amount of courage but also a grand lord, with unlimited sacrifice to his citizens. Word Count: 578 How to cite Chivalric Code in Beowulf, Papers

Preparing 21st Century Students for a Global Society free essay sample

Preparing 21st Century Students for a Global Society An Educator’s Guide to the â€Å"Four Cs† Great Public Schools for Every Student T able of Contents An Educator’s Guide to The Four Cs A n E d u c at o r ’ s G u i d e t o T h e F o u r C s Letter from Dennis Van Roekel 2 Introduction 3 The Importance of Teaching the â€Å"Four Cs† 5 The â€Å"Four Cs† 7 1 Critical Thinking and Problem Solving 8 2 Communication 13 3 Collaboration 19 4 Creativity and Innovation 24 Frequently Asked Questions 31 Next Steps and Conclusion 32 Additional Resources This is true for civic life as much as it is for work life. In the 21st century, citizenship requires levels of information and technological literacy that go far beyond the basic knowledge that was sufficient in the past. With a host of challenges facing our communities, along with instant connectivity to a global society, civic literacy couldn’t be more relevant or applicable to the curricula in our schools. We will write a custom essay sample on Preparing 21st Century Students for a Global Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Global warming, immigration reform, pandemic diseases, and financial meltdowns are just a few of the issues today’s students will be called upon to address. Today’s students must be prepared to solve these challenges. In addition, workforce skills and demands have changed dramatically in the last 20 years. The rapid decline in â€Å"routine† work has been well documented by many researchers and organizations. At the same time, there has been a rapid increase in jobs involving nonroutine, analytic, and interactive communication skills. Today’s job market requires competencies such as critical thinking and the ability to interact with people from many linguistic and cultural backgrounds (cultural competency). P r e pa r i n g 2 1 s t C e n t u ry S t u d e n t s f o r a G l o b a l S o c i e t y 5 The Importance of Teaching the â€Å"Four Cs† An Educator’s Guide to The Four Cs Our ever changing workforce creates a critical need for innovation. Ken Kay, CEO of EdLeader21, remarked, â€Å"Today’s students need critical thinking and problem-solving skills not just to solve the problems of their current jobs, but to meet the challenges of adapting to our constantly changing workforce. † Today, people can expect to have many jobs in multiple fields during their careers. The average person born in the latter years of the baby boom held 11 jobs between the ages of 18 and 44, according to the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 3 The new social contract is different: only people who have the knowledge and skills to negotiate constant change and reinvent themselves for new situations will succeed. 4 According to a 2010 study — the American Management Association, the AMA 2010 Critical Skills Survey — the â€Å"Four Cs† will become even more important to organizations in the future. Three out of four (75. 7 percent) executives who responded to the AMA survey said they believe these skills and competencies will become more important to their organizations in the next three to five years, particularly as the economy improves and organizations look to grow in a global marketplace. Additionally, 80 percent of executives believe fusing the â€Å"Three Rs† and â€Å"Four Cs† would ensure that students are better prepared to enter the workforce. According to these managers, proficiency in reading, writing, and arithmetic is not sufficient if employees are unable to think critically, solve problems, collaborate, or communicate effectively. 5 century. This guide is intended to help you understand the fundamental aspects of the â€Å"Four Cs† and how you can implement them into your instruction. Reflections Throughout this guide, you will be asked to reflect on some key questions that will be useful to your practice. In this introduction, we would like you to reflect on the following questions: What can you do in your classroom to better prepare your students for the challenges of 21st century citizenship? How can educators become more intentional and purposeful about critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity as competencies our young people will fully possess by the time they graduate from their K-12 education? How can educators work collaboratively to improve their students’ performance of the â€Å" Four Cs†? It is clear that the â€Å"Four Cs† need to be fully integrated into classrooms, schools, and districts around the country to produce citizens and employees adequately prepared for the 21st P r e pa r i n g 2 1 s t C e n t u ry S t u d e n t s f o r a G l o b a l S o c i e t y 6 An Educator’s Guide to The Four Cs The â€Å"Four Cs† In this section, you will find an overview of each of the â€Å"Four Cs†: critical thinking and problem solving, communication, collaboration, and creativity and innovation. Each of the â€Å"Four Cs† has a section on: ? The Importance of the â€Å"C† ? The Definition of the â€Å"C† ? How the â€Å"C† is Related to Other Skills ? Ways to Integrate the â€Å"C† into Your Classroom ? Reflections on the â€Å"C† ? Resources on the â€Å"C† P r e pa r i n g 2 1 s t C e n t u ry S t u d e n t s f o r a G l o b a l S o c i e t y 7 Critical Thinking and Problem Solving A n E d u c at o r ’ s G u i d e t o T h e F o u r C s Critical thinking has long been a valued skill in society. Today, every student—not just the academically advanced— needs it. While critical thinking and problem solving used to be the domain of gifted students, now it’s a critical domain for every student. The Importance of Critical Thinking The link between critical thinking and education is obvious: one can’t learn well without thinking well. Critical thinking contributes to career success, but also to success in higher education. In research conducted for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, University of Oregon professor David T. Conley finds that â€Å"habits of mind† such as â€Å"analysis, interpretation, precision and accuracy, problem solving, and reasoning† can be as or more important than content knowledge in determining success in college courses. 6 Teaching critical thinking and problem solving effectively in the classroom is vital for students. Learning critical thinking leads students to develop other skills, such as a higher level of concentration, deeper analytical abilities, and improved thought processing. Today’s citizens must be active critical thinkers if they are to compare evidence, evaluate competing claims, and make sensible decisions. Today’s 21st century families must sift through a vast array of information regarding financial, health, civic, even leisure activities to formulate plausible plans of action. The solutions to international problems, such as global warming, require highly developed critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. In everyday work, employees must employ critical thinking to better serve customers, develop better products, and continuously improve themselves within an ever-changing global economy. Economists Frank Levy and Richard Mundane have described the new world of work in which the most desirable jobs—the ones least likely to be automated or outsourced—are those that require expert thinking and complex communication. 7 According to the AMA 2010 Critical Skills Survey, 73. 3 percent of business executives polled identified critical thinking as a priority for employee development, talent management, and succession planning. 8 Definition of Critical Thinking Critical thinking and problem-solving can be defined in many ways, but P21 defines critical thinking as follows:9 Reason Effectively Use various types of reasoning (inductive, deductive, etc. ) as appropriate to the situation P r e pa r i n g 2 1 s t C e n t u ry S t u d e n t s f o r a G l o b a l S o c i e t y 8 Critical Thinking and Problem Solving An Educator’s Guide to The Four Cs Use Systems Thinking Analyze how parts of a whole interact with each other to produce overall outcomes in complex systems Make Judgments and Decisions Effectively analyze and evaluate evidence, arguments, claims, and beliefs Analyze and evaluate major alternative points of view Synthesize and make connections between information and arguments Interpret information and draw conclusions based on the best analysis Reflect critically on learning experiences and processes Solve Problems Solve different kinds of unfamiliar problems in both conventional and innovative ways Identify and ask significant questions that clarify various points of view and lead to better solutions (See the â€Å"critical thinking rubric† created by the Catalina Foothills School District as an example: http://rubrics. metiri. wikispaces. net/file/view/ Catalina_Foothills_Critical_Thinking_Rubric-1. doc) Related to Other Cs While the importance of critical thinking is paramount, its connection to the other Cs is equally important. Leading experts on critical thinking stress its connection to creative thinking skills. According to philosophers Richard Paul and Linda Elder, â€Å"†¦sound thinking requires both imagination and intellectual standards. † When one engages in high-quality thinking, one functions both critically and creatively; one produces and assesses, generates and judges the products of his or her thought. 10 Critical thinking also draws on other skills, such as communication and information literacy, to examine, then analyze, interpret, and evaluate it. According to educator Thomas Hoerr, the very notion of intelligence has changed. We no longer rely on the limits of our single mind to access the information resources we need to solve problems. 11 Problem solving has always involved teamwork and cooperation. Today, however, open source programs, wikis, blogs, and other Web 2. 0 technologies enable total strangers divided by space and time to collaborate. Successful problem solving in the 21st century requires us to work effectively and creatively with computers, with vast amounts of information, with ambiguous situations, and with other people from a variety of backgrounds. Ways to Integrate Critical Thinking into Your Classroom P21 forged alliances with key national organizations that represent the core academic subjects, including social studies, English, science, geography, world languages, mathematics, and the arts. These collaborations resulted in the 21st Century Skills Maps that illustrate the intersection between core subjects and 21st Century Skills. This section includes examples of what critical thinking skills might look like in core academic content classrooms. These examples, drawn primarily from the aforementioned content maps, demonstrate how critical thinking and problem solving can be integrated into classroom teaching and learning across a variety of grade levels and disciplines. P r e pa r i n g 2 1 s t C e n t u ry S t u d e n t s f o r a G l o b a l S o c i e t y 9 Critical Thinking and Problem Solving An Educator’s Guide to The Four Cs Arts – 4th Grade Students individually articulate different ways to interpret the same musical passage. Students then compare the various interpretations and determine which one is most effective, taking into account age-appropriate considerations such as the style and genre of the music. amenities at each park, campsites available, recreation opportunities, etc. ) along with data about population in the state. Groups develop case studies to advocate for additional culturally and linguistically responsive amenities at their state parks using documentation such as maps, examples from other parks in other states, etc. World Languages – 4th Grade English – 12th Grade With the job title omitted, students read various job/career advertisements and then match the appropriate job title to the ad. Students are divided into groups. Each group is asked to investigate 3-5 different career/job sites and identify the jobs and careers that are in high demand in a particular city, region, or country. Students present their findings to the class. In small groups, students create a plan for involving students in making technology decisions in the school. The process may include gathering student input from surveys, establishing a student advisory committee, using students to help provide tech support or other services to the school, evaluating cost/value ratios, and fundraising proposals to support their recommended strategies. These plans should be used in a presentation to the principal or the school board. Science – 8th Grade Students research how the physical and chemical properties of different natural and humandesigned materials affect their decomposition under various conditions. They compare their findings to the material evidence used by scientists to reconstruct the lives of past cultures, as well as create a map of their classroom as a future archeological site (including written descriptions of artifacts and what they imply about the cultures) discovered by scientists. The students plan and conduct scientific investigations and write detailed explanations based on their evidence. Students compare their explanations to those made by scientists and relate them to their own understandings of the natural and designed worlds. Geography – 8th Grade Students are assigned to groups to research information about a specific state park (different Social Studies – 12th Grade In groups, students explore how selected societies of the past used their natural resources for fuel (e. g. , England’s use of its forests at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution) and the economic impact of that use. Students use videoconferencing (e. g. , www. skype. com) to collect information from relevant government officials about the use of corn for biofuel instead of food and analyze the environmental and economic implications of this use. Students use district-approved wikis to publish the results of their research. Using sound reasoning and relevant examples, students analyze the historical evolution of a contemporary public policy issue, place it within a cultural and historical context, and use a digital publishing tool to report their work. P r e pa r i n g 2 1 s t C e n t u ry S t u d e n t s f o r a G l o b a l S o c i e t y 10 Critical Thinking and Problem Solving An Educator’s Guide to The Four Cs Mathematics – 12th Grade Students explore the napkin ring problem: if a hole of height â€Å"h† is drilled through the center of a sphere, the volume of the portion of the sphere that remains does not depend on the size of the original sphere; it depends only on h. They share and critique their insights into why this is so. Then students explore mathematician Keith Devlin’s 2008 discussion of the problem at www. maa. org/devlin/devlin_04_08. html, where Devlin provides the full computation and explains why some solutions posted online are incorrect. Students explore solutions currently appearing online and assess which solutions are accurate and which are not. Resources on Critical Thinking The following list of critical thinking resources is divided into â€Å"General Resources† and â€Å"Classroom Resources. † Use these resources to help generate dialogue and action in your classroom, department, and school. General Resources The Foundation for Critical Thinking The Foundation and its related entities aim to improve education in all subjects at every level by providing information, research, and resources on critical thinking. This site provides excellent background resources on the subject of critical thinking. Reflections on Critical Thinking www. criticalthinking. org As you begin to integrate critical thinking into classroom practices, consider the following questions: Classroom Resources How can you model critical thinking/ problem solving for your students? What kind of learning environment is necessary to emphasize problem solving skills in your classroom? What could you do to make critical thinking and problem solving more intentional and purposeful in your classroom? How can you encourage students to be better critical thinkers and problem solvers? How can you and your colleagues work collectively to prioritize effective higher order thinking pedagogy across classrooms? Catalina Foothills Critical Thinking Rubric Catalina Foothills School District created a series of rubrics to assess student critical thinking skills. They measure critical thinking skills such as comparing, classifying, inductive and deductive reasoning, error analysis, and decision making. http://tinyurl. com/ydteapw Council for Aid to Education’s (CAE’s) Collegiate Learning Assessment (CLA) and College and Work Readiness Assessment (CWRA) These assessments from CAE measure analytic thinking, critical thinking, problem solving, and written communication skills. The CWRA is available for high school use. Access the scoring rubric at http://tinyurl. com/2vh3ugo. http://www. cae. org/content/pro_collegework. htm. P r e pa r i n g 2 1 s t C e n t u ry S t u d e n t s f o r a G l o b a l S o c i e t y 11 Critical Thinking and Problem Solving An Educator’s Guide to The Four Cs Critical Thinking Lesson Plans – University of North Carolina (UNC) These lesson plans integrate critical thinking into core academic subjects such as science, English language arts, social studies, geography, and others. http://tinyurl. com/3w3a8e8 FIRST LEGO ® League Rubrics The FIRST LEGO League (FLL) robotics program not only focuses on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), but also stresses teamwork and collaboration, communication skills, creativity, and innovation and critical thinking. There are several rubrics here that help measure the 4C’s. http://tinyurl. com/3urrave Helping Students Learn Critical Thinking Skills This general purpose, well-organized Web site provides examples of how to help students develop effective inquiry skills, argument structure, reliability, and reasoning skills. http://tinyurl. com/3kyqcpn Isaksen and Treffinger’s Model for Critical and Creative Thinking Scott Isaksen and Donald Treffinger developed a six-stage, critical and creative thinking model that is outlined in their book, Creative Problem Solving: The Basic Course (1985). Their model is briefly described in this PDF: http://tinyurl. com/3wmsc3a, and in this article: http://tinyurl. com/ydv82hz. P r e pa r i n g 2 1 s t C e n t u ry S t u d e n t s f o r a G l o b a l S o c i e t y 12 Communication A n E d u c at o r ’ s G u i d e t o T h e F o u r C s Expressing thoughts clearly, crisply articulating opinions, communicating coherent instructions, motivating others through powerful speech—these skills have always been valued in the workplace and in public life. But in the 21st century, these skills have been transformed and are even more important today. The Importance of Communication Students must be able to effectively analyze and process the overwhelming amount of communication in their lives today. Which information sources are accurate? Which ones are not? How can they be used or leveraged effectively? The power of modern media and the ubiquity of communication technologies in all aspects of life make teaching strong communication skills even more important. While education has always emphasized fluent reading, correct speech, and clear writing, there is evidence that students are not mastering these most basic skills. In the report, Are They Really Ready to Work? , employers note that although oral and written communication are among the top four skills they seek in new hires, all graduates are lacking in these areas. High school graduates fare the worst, with 72 percent of employers citing this group’s deficiency in writing in English, and 81 percent citing their deficiency in written communications. Almost half of employers said employees with two-year degrees were still lacking skills in these two areas, while over a quarter of employers felt four-year graduates continued to lack these skills. 12 Additionally, there are now â€Å"global teams† that work together in business. Linguistically and culturally effective communication is essential to contribute successfully to these teams. And as technology gives rise to global work teams that span time zones, nations, and cultures, it is imperative that tomorrow’s graduates communicate clearly and effectively in a variety of languages. Communication skills are especially critical in the expanding service economy—estimated to be 81 percent of jobs by 2014—where relationships with customers and fellow employees are of vital importance. Linguistically and culturally effective listening, empathy, and effective communication skills are essential skills for every person in the service economy. Economists Levy and Mundane offer further evidence of the importance of communication in today’s workplace. Because complex communication involves explanation, negotiation, and other forms of intense human interaction, jobs that require these skills are not as likely to be automated. 13 P r e pa r i n g 2 1 s t C e n t u ry S t u d e n t s f o r a G l o b a l S o c i e t y 13 Communication An Educator’s Guide to The Four Cs Definition of Communication Communication can be defined in many ways, but P21 defines communication skills as follows:14 Communicate Clearly Articulate thoughts and ideas effectively using oral, written, and nonverbal communication skills in a variety of forms and contexts Listen effectively to decipher meaning, including knowledge, values, attitudes, and intentions Use communication for a range of purposes (e. g. to inform, instruct, motivate, and persuade) Use multiple media and technologies, and know how to assess impact and their effectiveness a priori Communicate effectively in diverse environments (including multilingual and multicultural) A â€Å"communication rubric,† created by the Amphitheater School District, can be found here: http://www. p21. org/route21/index. php? option=com_jlibraryview=detailstask=d ownloadid=849 Communication and Collaboration While it is important to emphasize communication skills, it can be difficult to separate them from the other Cs—especially collaboration. As represented in the 21st Century Skills Framework, communication competencies such as clearly articulating ideas through speaking and writing are closely related to collaboration skills, such as working effectively with diverse teams, making necessary compromises to accomplish a common goal, and assuming shared responsibility for collaborative work. Communication cannot be effective unless the message is received and understood. Research backs up the importance—and interconnection—of communication and collaboration as well. In her work with young children, Professor Carol Seefeldt found that â€Å"social skills and communication skills go hand in hand. Children who look at the child they are talking with, who understand t

Strategic business management and planning The WritePass Journal

Strategic business management and planning Introduction Strategic business management and planning Introduction1. Milton Friedman and profit maximisation:â€Å"The Business of Business is Business†2. Charles Hendy’s Stakeholder view:3. The new capitalists:Conclusion:Conflict and Influence:Power:Tata steel:Vision and mission:MISSION:Conclusion:THE METROPOLITAN POLICE: Villeroy Boch  Ã‚  Ã‚   UNIQUENESS:   Conclusion:REFERANCES:Related Introduction 1. Milton Friedman and profit maximisation: â€Å"The Business of Business is Business† Employees are very use full tool in any organisation, they are the one who have the direct contact with the consumers / customers and through their skills (which are provided by the organisations) they communicate with customers by providing them the end product or services, who bring the cash flow and profit in the organisation. So then the organisation can accomplish its goals and objectives in order to flourish. Organisations facilitate people with job opportunities then these people become the employee of that particular organisation, and then again organisations provide their employees the other relevant facilities like wages and job security, and in return these employees work hard and full fill the organisational responsibilities and help organisations to grow. This all process helps the society to retain its social balance. We can say organisations and businesses are helping the society by providing the job opportunities for the people so they can participate in their social responsibilities. But the main reason for any organisation to exist is to make profit and then more profit, by providing tangible or intangible products to their customers according to their needs, if the customers are satisfy with the products or with the services, the organisations or businesses will make profit. But if the customers are not satisfied with it they will go somewhere else in order to satisfy their needs and to get the better value for their money. Same thing apply to the employees of any organisation, if employees are very satisfy with the organisational facilities, they will become the loyal employees, work hard and feel like motivated and they help to achieve the organisational goals and objectives. But if the employees are not satisfied with facilities provided by any organisation or business, they will leave it and work somewhere else in order to be satisfy. 2. Charles Hendy’s Stakeholder view: Organisations use the shareholder’s (investors) money to start it or to do any business then it involves the suppliers who provide the raw materials, employees who work within the organisation and then the customers who buy the end product and bring the cash flow in the business. We can say it a cycle of investing, selling and bringing profit. So the shareholders can receive their money back with dividend. Shareholders always want the big chunk of the profits in dividends but the board of directors want to keep the most of the profit and pay less in dividends, so they enhance the organisation and reinvest in the business and try to become the leader or try to do better in future. Anybody who has any kind of interest with any organisation is called a stakeholder. It could be the individuals, groups or the different organisations as well if they are affected by it or affect the actions and decisions of the organisation. In very simple way we can say that, shareholders, employees, suppliers, customers, financial institutes, Government and society, all are stakeholders. Shareholders are always very interested in any kind of decision which effect that dividends that they receive from the profits, but any other decision which reduce the dividend even by a fiction, will not be popular with the shareholders. Employees are the best tool in any organisation in order to generate the profit, so the organisational views, goals and objects should be very clear to them. Suppliers always want to get the regular orders with punctual payment and it can easily effected by the decisions made by the organisations. Customers always want the better value for their money, they always be concerned by the organisational decisions which affect the quality and price of the end products. Financial institutes will try to influence the organisations to get big loans for long periods of time. Government will make new laws and passes the legislations which effects the business and also play a role in decision making. Societies and communities can be effected in many ways by the decision making for an organisation. 3. The new capitalists: There are many organisations and businesses around the world which are funded by the pensioner’s money. Government invest tax payer’s money in many different organisations, businesses and companies all over the world in order to support the pensioners in the society. In this way many times government play a part as a shareholder, when these companies make profits government take its dividend as a shareholder and pay to the pensioners. Conclusion: In first view, the employees are use full tool for generating and maximising the profit for organisations. Stakeholders are very important for any organisation in order to invest or run an organisation and to keep a balance within the society. But in my views an organisation should really serve the stakeholders, they are the one who invest in it, run it and then bring back the cash flow in the form of profit. Q. What are the implications of these differing views for Manager’s development of organisational strategy? A: managers are the agents of stake holders. They represent the stake holder’s needs, expectations, and values. Managers are the basic aspect of an organisation. The basic conflict raises the organisation when the agents, managers put their own views and values ahead of the stakeholder’s values and views and they try to demolish or violate their basic rights. If we keep in mind any of the view mentioned above , in any of the view the stakeholders might be different but they play and have an important role in an organisation, so their needs and expectations needs to be accomplished for the success and progress of the organisation. But some time these rights are violated when the managers put themselves ahead of the stakeholders. Organisations goals and objectives must be coordinated with the stakeholder’s needs and expectations, so that no conflict must rise and every one must be given priority according to their place in the company. Managers are the middle people, they stand in between the goals and objectives of the organization and the needs and expectations of the stakeholders. So the responsibility is on the shoulders of the managers to keep the balance in any of the view mentioned above. Q. â€Å"Stakeholders represent more challenges than opportunities†. Appraise the conflicting needs, power and influence of stakeholders. A: Stakeholder groups are not usually homogeneous, but contain a variety of subgroups with some-what different expectations and power. Most stakeholder group consist of large numbers of individuals (such as customers and stakeholders) and hence can be thought of largely independently of the expectations of individuals within the group. In some cases it consist of a small number of individuals or even single individual (the chairman of the company or minister of the government department). {Exploring corporate strategy; Text and Cases} Any individual or a group of individuals have any kind of interest in any organisation or business is called Stakeholder. These all stakeholders can have a very deep impact on the organisations through their different needs, demands, power and interest, organisations exists to make profits by satisfying the stakeholders. i.Shareholders  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ii. Employee  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   iii. Suppliers iv. Customers  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   v. Financial Institutes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   vi. Government vii. Society Conflict and Influence: These all different groups of stakeholders have different kinds of interest in the organisations sometimes it could be common and sometimes it could be different. For example in common interest employees and shareholders both have the common interest, which is the success of the organisation and profits which leads to the high dividend for the shareholders and job security for the employees, in the same way suppliers have the interest in expansion and success of the organisation. And in conflicting interest, if an organisation is making profits, wages will rise and it is an expense of dividend but shareholder will not like it. Sometimes organisational growth could be expense of the local community or the environment in general. Organisations have to do the strategic planning for their better future so they can void most elements that can affect it in the future. For example External Pressures (competitors, customers, suppliers, pressure groups and government) and Internal Pressure (managers, managerial commitments, employees and unions). Government can influence the organisations by bringing the new laws, high taxation or by changing the existing laws. Power: Internal stakeholders has a great influence on the organisations because of the authorities and power they have. If the internal stakeholders are satisfy with the facilities and organisational environment/atmosphere , where they work the conditions are good, they will enjoy being working in this kind of environment, but if it is not they can disrupt the organisational plans. Sometimes they can bring uncertainty in the plans and all the organisations needs and depends on the stakeholders. Internal stakeholders have power to delay the performance of strategy and they can threaten the organisational actions or they might refuse to work somewhere else. Shareholders rights to vote and selling their share can make an organisation very vulnerable to make progress. Financial institutes can refuse credit because of organisation’s bad credit history, they can charge high interests or even can take some legal actions for non-payment and in very extreme conditions initiate moves to liquid ate the organisation. Suppliers can demand for high prices in future or even can refuse credit. Customers, who brings the cash flow in the organisations and keep it alive, can go somewhere else where they can get better value for their money, which is not a good sign for any organisation. Government has the power to change any law or to bring the new laws which can affect the progress of an organisation, increasing the taxation, government spending and more legal action can disrupt the future strategies of any organisation. Environmental pressure groups has power to motivate the external stakeholders refusing to buy products/goods or services or by publicising organisational activities as unacceptable. Q. How can organisations manage shareholder conflicts and handle issue of ethics, corporate governance and regulation? A. Corporate Governance: â€Å"Corporate Governance refers to the influence and power of stakeholders to control the strategic direction of the organisation in general and more specifically, the chief executive and other senior officers of the organisation†;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   {Corporate Strategy. Richard Lynch} â€Å"Corporate Governance is a key element in enhancing investor confidence, promoting competitiveness, and ultimately improving economic growth†. (James Wolfensohn, president of World Bank) Corporate governance have a very close relationship with strategy arises from the opportunities given the senior level management to influence the future goals, objects and purpose of the organisation. This senior level management or managers are generally the directors of the organisations. Sometimes public bodies can also have structures of corporate governance and it helps to cover the major issues of any non-profitable sector including the monitoring of the public services, quality and the value for the money achieve by tax payer and charity givers. Corporate governance’s main priority is to protect the shareholders of any organisation, it also helps to protect the overall status of an organisation and its objects against deceitful activities by its directors and officers. In the best interest of an organisation, its business and its shareholders, the directors must always make decisions without bias. Because they are the one who are responsible of the success of an organisation and bring the maximum profit for its shareholders. It should be done ethically and according to the laws and regulations of the framework of the organisation. Corporate governance gives strong confidence to the shareholders that organisation is   being well monitored and directors are performing in the way they should. â€Å"Corporate governance is a broad term that has to do with the manner in which the rights and responsibilities are shared among owners, managers and shareholders of a given company. In essence, the exact structure of the corporate governance will determine what rights, responsibilities, and privileges are extended to each of the corporate participants, and to what degree each participant may enjoy those rights. Generally, the foundation for any system of corporate governance will be determined by several factors, all of which help to form the final form of governing the company†.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   { wisegeek.com/what-is-corporate-governance.htm} Corporate governance plans different strategies to achieve the shareholders satisfaction. It helps to build the commitment between the managers and shareholders regarding the organisational goals and objectives. It provides a flow of positive information and disaggregation of financial information. Finally the target of maximizing shareholder’s wealth helps planned a strategy and sets valuable objectives for managerial decisions. â€Å"The value of the organisation need to be reflected in its purpose and possibly its mission statement, even the absence of value in the mission itself about the organisation and its view about its role in society, such matters may well reflect the role that the organisation sees itself playing in society, if any, and the responsibilities that flow from this†Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   {Corporate Strategy, Richard Lynch} Ethical contemplation may influence corporate strategy at a numbers of levels. For some particular organisations it can be diverse, it doesn’t apply only that how an organisation dealt with its competitors or world at large but it also apply on the many other individuals, who are related with this particular organisation. It can be a customer or a worker. Ethical issues play a key part in the success of any organisation. Any organisation can achieve a good or bad reputation simply the way it behaves with its customers or individuals. Some organisations believe what they are only for making the profits, and ignore their ethical and social responsibilities. They think that the society is quite capable of looking after itself and just concentrate on looking after their shareholders.   but on the other hands some believe that they have a responsibilities and role beyond this. This kinds of views in long term are beneficial for the organisation and for the shareholders. These vie ws and mission statement helps for the good provisions for workers, strong ethical beliefs and standards and sponsorship of outside initiatives. In every society such considerations are sometimes unavoidable. These considerations may be very important to perform in that society such as environmental issues that goes beyond legal limits. Maximising of profits or money making is not wrong but it is the way in which some organisation act, and that brings the problem of ethical responsibility/behaviour. The concern of ethics is part of the professionalization of organisations, like welfare of the staff, job security and good environment for staff and customers. Ethical issues are very sensitive and should be dealt with in a highly professional manner. By dealing with ethical issues that an organisation is facing, managers are better able to understand and classify their own moral beliefs. Q: Critically analyse the content and relevance of the mission statements for each of the three different organisations (Pg165), with regards to their goals values and objectives. Tata steel: The history to Tata Steel is more than one hundred year old and was the vision and hardship of a single man, â€Å"Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata†. It is also known as TISCO (Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited). It largest steel company in India and it world’s fifth largest steel company. It took a very long and difficult time to Tata steel to reach at this stage as it is now. Over the daces this company has manage to build up different avenues of effective steel exploitation and predictable intelligence in more than one way. In the days of industrial revolution Tata steel was struggling but the modern scientific methods from the west, helps Tata steel a lot to survive and it is now recognised as a leader in steel industry in India. Vision and mission: â€Å"We aspire to be the global steel industry benchmark for Value Creation and Corporate Citizenship.† Vision Our people, by fostering team work, nurturing talent, enhancing leadership capability and action with pace, pride and passion. Our offer, by becoming the supplier of choice, delivering premium products and services, and creating value for our customers. Our innovative approach, by developing leading edge solutions in technology, processes and products. Our conduct, by providing a safe working place, respecting the environment, caring for our communities and demonstrating high ethical standards. MISSION: Consistent with the vision and values of founder Jamsetji Tata, Tata Steel strives to strengthen India’s industrial base through the effective utilization of staff and materials. The means envisaged to achieve this are high technology and productivity, consistent with modern management practices. Tata steel recognizes that while honesty and integrity are the essential ingredients of a strong and stable enterprise, profitability provides the main spark for economic activity. Overall, the Company seeks to scale the heights of excellence in all that it does in an atmosphere free from fear, and thereby reaffirms its faith in democratic values. {www.tatasteel.com} Conclusion: In Tata Steel’s vision and mission statement it is very clear that this organisation is not only concentrating on profit maximisation to keep the shareholders happy but it seems to be very promising about the ethical standard, working conditions and facilities for their workers. This is the key point for any organisation to survive and flourish for a long time. Tata steel manage to survive over a hundred years by their great commitment to becoming the first choice as a supplier by providing the best products, services and creating the value for their customers, by using the modern technology to process their products. In all these processes they are concern about the environment and communities too. By keeping a good reputation in industrial territory, they are building a good image of India in all over the world. Tata steel’s main object is to become a leader in steel industry by suing all its available resources in an excellent manor and keep happy to all its existing customers and make new customers to bring the maximum profit by keeping its workers satisfy. It is a very challenging object but not impossible. THE METROPOLITAN POLICE: Every country and society have their own police officers, they are there to protect the people and their properties. Police works under the government in order to keep a peace and stability in the society. Government make laws for the betterment of the society and police enforce it, so the communities and societies can benefit. It is very challenging job, they have to be ready all the time for anything might happen. They have authority to catch any body if they are breaking the law or making threats for the society. In all police are there to keep a balance in the community so that people can relax. But in my country satiation is completely upside down. There police can arrest anybody criminal or innocent, in order to take bribe. Mission: Working together for a safer London Increasing public confidence and satisfaction Preventing and reducing crime, disorder and vulnerability Increasing safety and security Improving quality of service Being efficient and effective Values: Working together with all our citizens, all our partners, all our colleagues: We will have pride in delivering quality policing, there is no greater priority We will build trust by listening and responding We will respect and support each other and work as a team We will learn from experience and find ways to be even better  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   {www.met.police.uk} Metropolitan Police is a non-profitable organisation and its purpose is to meet the needs of people in the community through their services. Like all other organisations, Met police have its own motivations, goals and objects to achieve, which are stated in their mission statement. A non-profitable organisation means, an organisation which is not concern about distributing the dividends to its owners but doing good work and providing the relevant services within the communities. In this case Met Police is helping to provide the safer living standard to the communities. By providing these services Met police does not ask for anything in return from communities, almost everybody who is working within this organisation get paid by the government, apart from the volunteer workers, who work with this organisation just for their inner satisfaction only. Villeroy Boch  Ã‚  Ã‚   Villeroy Boch is a very old company and its history goes back to 1748. It started in a village of Audun-le-Tiche in Duchy of Lorraine by Francois Boch. In the beginning it stared manufacturing ceramic tableware, plates, cups, pots and tureens, in simple shapes but excellent quality. This company has achieve the international reputation through its commitment and focusing the quality of its products and still focusing on the better quality life style products. This company have its own reputation regarding to its high quality and brand name and generate the annual sale of Euro 715 million in 2009. VISION: Villeroy Boch’s vision is to â€Å"be the leading European lifestyle brand with high competence and trend-setting style for high-end design and living.† It is very clear that Villeroy Boch want to be a European leader by providing their customer good quality products. Its focus is to satisfy its customers need and demand. UNIQUENESS:    Its all-inclusive approach and high degree of diversification which are focused on the two concept areas â€Å"the single-source bathroom and the completely laid table Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. Product Innovations Design competence Focus on customer’s demands and choice Leader in lifestyle brand Conclusion: As it is a European leader it has to be very innovative and creative in order to survive and maintain its position in the market, it has high quality, high purchase products so it has to satisfy its customers. It is a customer valued organisation, the products and the services that are provided to customers or consumers, their needs and expatiations, values and choices are kept in mind. It has very unique resource of research to keep   its reputation as a leader in the market and giving priority and keeping focus to its customer’s choices which is kept changing according to the time. REFERANCES: 1. Exploring corporate strategy; Text and Cases 2. Corporate Strategy. Richard Lynch 3. James Wolfensohn, president of World Bank 4. www.wisegeek.com/what-is-corporate-governance.htm 5. www.tatasteel.com 6. www.met.police.uk 7.www.villeroy-boch.com

Parts Per Million Definition

Parts Per Million Definition Parts per million (ppm) is a commonly used unit of concentration for small values. One part per million is one part of solute per one million parts solvent  or 10-6. Parts per million and other parts per notations (e.g., parts per billion or parts per trillion) are dimensionless quantities with no units. Preferred methods for expressing parts per million include  Ã‚ µV/V (microvolume per volume),  Ã‚ µL/L (microliters per liter), mg/kg (milligram per kilogram),  Ã‚ µmol/mol (micromole per mole), and  µm/m (micrometer per meter). The parts per notation is used to describe dilute solutions in chemistry and engineering, but its meaning is ambiguous and it is not part of the SI system of measurement. The reason the system is ambiguous is because the concentration depends on the original unit fraction that is used. For example, comparing one milliliter of a sample to a million milliliters is different from comparing one mole to a million moles or one gram to one million grams. Sources Milton R. Beychok (2005). Air Dispersion Modeling Conversions and Formulas. Fundamentals of Stack Gas Dispersion (4th ed.). Milton R. Beychok. ISBN 0964458802.Schwartz and Warneck (1995). Units for use in atmospheric chemistry (PDF). Pure Appl. Chem. 67: 1377–1406. doi:10.1351/pac199567081377

A Comparison Of Clinique Marketing Strategy Case Study

A Comparison Of Clinique Marketing Strategy - Case Study Example These three items were said to be the only products necessary for healthy skin. The parent company, Este Lauder, had already established itself as an icon in beauty and fragrance (Xenias), and over the years Clinique developed a positive brand image as well. In addition to the simplicity of their image, the company's Web site was equally simple-illustrations of products with very little or no text. But with businesses expansion taking place in order to reach global markets, the simplicity of Clinique's marketing strategy might not have the same effect in countries other than UK and USA. Purpose of Study China is the market of the future, and successful companies expanding their bases throughout the world see China as a necessary market. What are the differences in the way Clinique reaches domestic customers and customers in other cultures Will the 1-2-3 plan work in China What barriers must be faced Two recent articles included Clinique in a list of cosmetic companies accused of using harmful chemicals in their products in China (China Monitoring 2006; Overseas Companies 2006). At present the international Clinique Web site doesn't seem to offer a simple doorway into other countries, at least for researchers. Clinique does, as a way to reach Chinese customers, discuss a product called Clinique Derma White which focuses on Asian markets. Derma White is an update on Clinique's Active White line, developed by Korean dermatologists to address pigmentation in the skin. Derma White uses blackout yeast to break up pigment into smaller fragments and exfoliants help remove them from the skin (Clinique 2006). The Asian culture considers white skin to be beautiful, while Western countries and cultures seem to prefer tanning products. The emphasis on darker skin... The importance is in drawing customers to a specific site. With Clinique, marketing strengths include introducing new, innovative products directed at specific customers and the use of language in the product names which immediately describe their attributes, i.e. Superdefense Triple Action Moisturiser and Lifting Face Serum as well as Dramatically Different Moisturising Lotion, a standard of the company since its inception. A weakness, however, could be the company's apparent belief in a customer knowing who they are, what they do and how they do it. They are taking for granted that their products will sell themselves. Clinique has not even begun to tap the opportunities to sell their products through the Internet. Much of the research information on skin care is filtered through the Està ©e Lauder advertising and press releases. It is also important for them to be aware of negative commentary online which might affect their market share if they don't meet the challenge of offsetti ng negativity. At present one of the major efforts by Clinique is to increase the male customer base, and much of their advertising focus on that market. In the meantime, the female market might be discouraged when trying to get information on the products they want, especially in China, where women are not considered worth cultivating but are beginning to see themselves in a more attractive light. Another important market for Clinique is the aging population looking for anti-ageing products such as "Stop Signs" said to "make time stand still".

Internet Connectivity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Internet Connectivity - Research Paper Example Protocol and computer languages are being implemented to ensure that communication through the internet is done from anywhere in the world and in a fast way One importance of having high speed internet connections around the world is the fact that it will save on both time and money. For instance, board meetings can be held over video link rather than incurring the huge travelling costs and allowances. According to a research done, a slow internet connection is considered the one of the most annoying things by most people. Another importance of high speed internet connection is that it will allow for more international business since information is sent and received on real time. A good example of an industry that depends on high speed internet connections is the stock market. This paper will critically discuss the various internet and networking technologies specifically DSL, cable, satellite, and wireless cellular connection technologies establishing the need of using more than one internet connection technology. DSL is a cluster of technologies that facilitate internet access through transmitting data which is digital over a telephone network that is wired and local. The origins of the technology can be traced back in a book written in 1948 by Claude Shannon titled â€Å"A Mathematical Theory of Communication.† ( Habraken 2003). However it was first implemented in 1979 where a remote computer was connected to a telephone wire that was existing where data and telephone terminals were connected. Basically a local loop is used to perform telephone exchange where telephones are connected which is usually a pair of physical wires. Before, the loops were only meant for the transmission of audio frequencies between 300 and 3400 hertz. Gradually trucks were converted to digital over long distances providing the interface of transmitting data via these loops thus the birth of

Supervision Model for Psychological Assessments

Supervision Model for Psychological Assessments Smith and Harty (1987) were pioneers in providing a model of supervision for conducting psychological assessments. Their model put forth that the supervisor’s responsibility is to ensures that the beginning supervisee accurately score their protocols and help him/her respectively create and order hypotheses by clinical relevance and amount of certainty. Additionally, this model features the supervisor having expectations that the supervisee will individually generate hypotheses while the supervisor judges and double-checks his/her work. The final portion of Smith and Harty’s model entails the supervisor serving as a consultant to the supervisee once the supervisee is competent. Finkelstein and Tuckman (1997) build upon Smith and Harty’s model by adding onto what is typically already done by supervisors (i.e., modeling the behavior of their own mentors when they received supervision in the past). Specifically, Finkelstein and Tuckman outline a model of supervisee development from beginner to expert. The first step for supervisors to teach supervisees is entitled â€Å"Learning the Basics of Test Administration and Scoring.† In this step, the supervisor serves as a â€Å"tour guide† for information found in test manuals (e.g., testing conditions and general scoring rules), teaches â€Å"macro-level scoring† of each test (e.g., calculating IQs, percentiles, and age levels), and emphasizes the pros and cons for each tests and how it can best answer corresponding referral questions. The next step, entitled â€Å"Generating Primary Inferences†, involves extrapolating inferences from all aspects of the assessment process includin g tests, behavioral observations, and relevant history. During this step, the supervisor’s role is to explain the rationale for the generated hypotheses, address how experience aids competence in hypothesis development, and curtail idealization of the supervisor and devaluation of the supervisee’s own abilities. The third step in this model involves clustering related hypotheses. This step involves the supervisor helping the supervisee integrate multiple sources of data into digestible patterns and clusters that will ultimately be documented in an outline that serves to guide the formal report. The fourth step, entitled â€Å"From Outline to the Written Word,† involves the supervisor’s role in helping the supervisee convert the outline into a useful report (e.g., proofreading, suggesting revisions, and preparing supervisee to provide feedback). The fifth stage in this model, entitled â€Å"Internalizing Diagnostic Norms,† is designed for more advanced students who have mastered basic assessment skills and are in need of more â€Å"content knowledge.† Specifically, the supervisor’s role in this stage involves ensuring exposure to a wide variety of assessment questions and helping the supervisee recognize patterns and deviations in test results and specific patient populations. The sixth stage encourages autonomy and promotes consultation when there is less need for direct guidance. The authors state that supervisors need to be aware that this stage often involves a â€Å"dynamic tension† between autonomy and dependence for the supervisee. The sixth stage involves the supervisor encouraging complete autonomy for the supervisee, which typically occurs after one has obtained his/her license and will be generating reports independently. The final stage in this model involves the former supervisor help ing the former supervisee transition into becoming a supervisor for the next generation and serving as a consultant throughout this life-long process. Regarding the take home message for their model, Finkelsten and Tuckman proclaim that this interpersonal and intrapersonal process should produces supervisee that are able to master assessment by integrating â€Å"all the various and diverse introjects from past supervisors into a unique self (p. 95).† Yalof and Abraham (2009) summarize core supervisory considerations and promote an integrative approach to supervision that is aimed to strengthen psychological report writing and improve preinternship preparation for psychology graduate students. The first area these authors address is regarding assessment competency and citing the foundational skills in assessment education and training (e.g., psychometrics, theory) outlined in the 2002 Psychological Assessment Work Group (PAWG: Krishnamurthy et al., 2004). Next, the authors describe the various developmental stages that supervisees evolve from and outline several markers that are used to define â€Å"assessment† competency. From this point, Yalof and Abraham go into greater detail regarding multicultural supervision. Specifically, they encourage supervisors to help supervisees address differences in cultural background and determine if assessment measures are culturally sensitive (Allen, 2007) as well as discuss the importan ce of attending to personal and community histories (Hernà ¡ndez, 2008). Next, Yalof and Abraham advise supervisors to help supervisees consider ethical applications and acculturation in assessment. Furthermore, the authors cite the APA Ethical principles and standards (2002) as a good starting point for supervisees to develop their own ethical identity. Furthermore, the supervisor needs to address how the supervisee should best adapt different learning strategies that will promote greater integration within the practice of psychological assessment (Handelsman, Gottlieb, Knapp, 2008). Next, Yalof and Abraham spell out seven supervisory techniques that draw upon extant literature to promote growth in assessment supervisees. The first technique involves providing information related to ethical practice in assessment including risk management strategies (e.g., documentation, informed consent, consultation). The next technique involves emphasizing the skills that correspond with rapport building and diagnostic interviewing. The third technique suggests that supervisees be provided with extra practice activities (e.g., scoring protocols, reading sample reports, critiquing reports) that will further their respective competency. The fourth technique advises supervisees to conduct a literature review regarding the referral question to become more familiarized. The fifth technique promotes supplemental peer supervision as it promotes collegiality, socialization, and a collaborative learning environment for learners. The sixth technique suggests that the unconscious influen ces between the client, supervisee, and supervisor that occur throughout an assessment explicitly be explored. Finally, the supervisor needs to encourage and promote critical thinking skills corresponding to which ever developmental stage the supervisee is currently in. Yalof and Abraham recommend Johnson-Laird’s typology of thought (e.g., inductive thinking, associative thinking, creative thinking, and self-reflective thinking) to help guide supervision. The final portion of this article features a case illustration to demonstrate how supervisory probes encourage growth and development for the supervisee. The take home message for this article revolves around the supervisor’s ability to most effectively intervene in the supervisee’s cases. Specifically, Yalof and Abraham propose that the supervisor needs to thoughtfully and instructively probe the supervisee throughout the assessment process to maximize conceptual, critical, and creative thinking regarding the client. References Allen, J. (2007). A multicultural assessment supervision model to guide research and practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(3), 248-258. doi: 10.1037/0735-7028.38.3.248 American Psychological Association. (2002). Ethical standards and code of conduct. American Psychologist, 57, 1060-1073. Finkelstein, H., Tuckman, A. (1997). Supervision of psychological assessment: A developmental model. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 28(1), 92-95. doi: 10.1037/0735-7028.28.1.92 Handelsman, M. M., Gottlieb, M. C., Knapp, S. (2008). Training ethical psychologists: An acculturation model. In D. N. Bersoff D. N. Bersoff (Eds.), Ethical conflicts in psychology (4th ed.). (pp. 122-127). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association. Hernà ¡ndez, P. (2008). The cultural context model in clinical supervision. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 2(1), 10-17. doi: 10.1037/1931-3918.2.1.10 Smith, W. H., Harty, M. K. (1987). Issues in the supervision of diagnostic testing. In R. H. Dana, W. T. May, R. H. Dana W. T. May (Eds.), Internship training in professional psychology. (pp. 410-418). Washington, DC, US: Hemisphere Publishing Corp. Yalof, J., Abraham, P. (2009). An integrative approach to assessment supervision. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 73(3), 188-202. doi: 10.1521/bumc.2009.73.3.188

Fones School of Dental Hygiene Essay

I would like to submit my personal statement with regard to my interest in applying for a degree course in dentistry in Fones School of Dental Hygiene. First of all i have had a passion for sciences subjects since my child hood. I got interested when i saw most patients going to hospitals including myself. I was fascinated by the way dentists attended to their clients. It was the my dream that when i grow up i will pursue the profession. When i was in my elementary and high schools i managed to perform well in my sciences and mathematics subjects as well as liberal arts. With having achieved the required qualification i embarked on looking for dental school the would prepare me for the profession in the levels that are accredited and respected at national and local level as well accredited by the American Dentistry Association. My interest in dental hygiene course is because i want to get skill and knowledge in dental hygiene and practice more from the one i have got in high school level. I have also worked with dental clinics, nursing homes and hospitals and obtained considerable experience. Thus the knowledge and skill that is offered by Fones School of Dental hygiene will be of importance to my future career. My expectation that when i graduate from the college i will be able to fulfill my career goals as a practicing dental hygienist as well as dentist with advancement in education and work experience. During my high school level i was involved in first aid and participated in scouts club. This exposed me the responsibility of caring for patients. My choic3e of dental course is that i would like to be part of the profession that offers more than just what is learned. These include personal satisfaction by working with diverse group of people, prestige as one of the highly skilled and respected profession. Dentistry provides variety in utilizing interpersonal and clinical skills, it offers opportunity for creativity, flexibility, job security and opportunity for career advancement. Several of the options include working in private dental clinics, public health programs, institutions, dental corporations, nursing homes, teaching and research. Since the profession is in high demand it also offers the opportunity for me to own my own clinic and serve the community in a more professional manner. Fones school of Dental is the only such college that can give me the necessary skills needed in the profession. The college is known all over and respected due to its wide experience in teaching and research. It has the best lectures who are accredited and up to date with the current development in dentistry. The school has optional training programs and credits transfer . It has the best facilities and admission criteria that allows any student to pursues any of the following degree programs. Associate Degree, Bachelor of Science and Master of Science. The school has other supportive services for student such as student organizations and community collaboration that offer opportunity to exercise what is learnt in class. Courses offered by the college like radiology, pharmacology, periodontology, community health, marketing,, chemistry, dental material and hygiene are examples of what i am yearning for during the training. Am confident that by going through Fones school i will be able to fulfill my passion and dream for future and better life.

Customer Service at Nordstrom Free Essay Example, 1000 words

The development of this feeling by the customer will drive this customer back repeatedly thereby helping this customer to become loyal to the company’s goods and services. The whole scenario analyzes respect of other people’s choices and preferences. If people can learn to respect each other’s life aspects, peace and harmony will be realized. Organization-customers conflict can cause the loss of customers from the organization. This will lead to loss of market for this organization. It is, therefore, imperative for the organization to ensure that it resolves conflicts with its customers amicably. Every conflict resolution strategy must prioritize the good will establishment and maintenance of harmony between the enterprise and its customers in contemporary business world that has become highly competitive. In the cooperativeness and assertiveness dimension of conflict resolution, Nordstrom makes use of the accommodating approach. This approach depicts low assertiveness levels and high cooperativeness levels by the organization. People, who make use of this approach in handling conflict, tend to put the other party’s interest before theirs. They reveal great levels of concern for other party’s aspiration and needs. We will write a custom essay sample on Customer Service at Nordstrom or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now This feature is revealed in Nordstrom readiness in refunding money to customers who forfeit the products they intended to purchase (Spector & McCarthy, 2012). This means that the company has made their cooperation with its customers and accommodating their needs a priority rather than asserting their position in conflict time. The accommodative approach of handling conflicts does well whenever goodwill establishment is of great importance to the accommodating party. The greatest benefit of conflict management approach adopted by Nordstrom is that it enhances the establishment of goodwill and cordial relationships between the firms and their customers. The accommodating approach enhances the enterprises to win their customers’ trust hence building cordial relationship with the customers. In this case, relationship building with customers is of greater importance than winning the pending issues. The company tends to benefit when it gives the customers a chance to win rather than when it decides to compete with them in times of conflict. The approach also gives Nordstrom an opportunity to evade the undesirable results like losing their customers to its competitors. The accommodating approach has some disadvantages. One disadvantage is that the organization employing it may fail to achieve a fair outcome to them when dealing with a conflict.

The Decline of the Worlds IQ - 1093 Words

What will end the world as we know it? It could be climate change, disease, famine, or global war. If none of those come to pass there is always the truth that we are breeding our IQ into the basement. It’s called dysgeneic fertilization, and it has been happening for as long as we’ve been recording intelligence. Although this decline can be seen across the board, not everyone is affected the same way or to the same extent. With each generation that passes a gap widens between those retaining intelligence and those hemorrhaging intelligence. Action must be taken to prevent the gap from widening in order to stem a social divide and dystopia from forming. Declining intellect is a problem that has been of interest for over a century.†¦show more content†¦Moving away from the socioeconomic segregation, we find that the social divide isnt limited to just level of intelligence. The Bell Curve discusses the disparity between white and blacks, and how race plays a part in levels of intelligence. Opponents to this segregation dismiss the findings of Herrnstein and Murray as a racist ploy (Fraser et al.), but Herrnstein and Murray do not take a racist stance. They show that after controlling for IQ, race holds little sway and even gives blacks an edge in obtaining high-IQ jobs (Herrnstein and Murray 317-340). This isnt to say a clear disparity doesnt exist currently. However, race isnt the only factor when determining dysgenics. They go as far as to show that on even footing, race wont matter. Bringing us back to the lines drawn between the classes, you can easily see where the other factors suggested by Flynn will come into p lay. If these trends continue, what is the future that we face? Embracing prognostication presented in the media, the outcomes do not look bright. Andrew Niccol tackles the dystopic future in two of his works, In Time and Gattaca. Niccol’s In Time tackles the socioeconomic divide based on a class or caste system. With a focusShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Legalization Of Marijuana715 Words   |  3 Pagesis estimated that for each 10 [percent] drop in price, there will be an approximately 3 [percent] increase in the total number of users and a 3–5 [percent} increase in youth initiation,† (Issues in Society: Is Marijuana Harmful?, Introduction: The World’s Illicit Drug of Choice). Studies have shown that you can ingest too much marijuana to be healthy. Furthermore, in 2013, 38 percent of Americans claimed to smoke marijuana, but after it was legalized in Colorado, it increased to 44 percent of AmericansRead MoreThe Expectations Of Intellectuals : Why We Hate The Smart Kids1526 Words   |  7 Pagesmore powerful than emotion. Emotion is a primary filter; it is a signal of survival. We do not ‘think’ with one part of our brain and ‘feel’ with another. 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